This material was developed with funding from the National Science Foundation

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SI Base Units

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Mole The base unit of amount of substance counts the number of particles, such as atoms or molecules, in a sample of a substance.

Electromagnetic Force

Second The base unit of measuring the duration separating two events. Originally, the second was defined as a fraction of the Earth's rotation, 1/86,400th of a mean solar day which is the average time it takes for the Earth of complete one full rotation.

Gravitational Force

click on each base unit

Ampere The base unit of electrical current, a measure of electric charge in motion per unit time.

Kelvin The base unit of measuring temperature. The Kelvin temperature scale is similar to the Celsius scale. One Kelvin degree is the same as one degree Celsius. The difference is that the Kelvin scale starts at absolute zero.

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Meter A meter is the base unit of measuring distance. It is about as long as the length of a large step. This base unit is based on the fixed numerical value of the speed of light in a vacuum.

The universal constants serve as the foundation for the seven base units. The SI system promotes consistency, accuracy, and international standardization in scientific research, engineering, and commerce.

Candela The base unit of measuring luminosity as perceived by the human eye. It is useful in calibrating articifical light sources like LED bulbs.

Kilogram The base unit of measuring mass. An elctromechanical measuring instrument precisely measures the weight of a test object by the electric current and voltage needed to produce a compensating force. A gram is about the weight of a small paperclip or a single raisin.

(ΔvCs) measures the change in velocity with respect to the speed of light, and it is a term commonly used in physics and astrophysics to describe the velocity of an object relative to the speed of light.ΔvCs = 9,192,631,770 hertz

Planck's constant (h) defines the amount of energy that a photon can carry according to the frequency of the wave in which it travels.h = 6.62607015 x 10-34 joule-seconds

click on each constant

The Boltzmann constant relates an object's energy to its temperature.k = 1.380649 x 10-23 joules/kelvin

The Avogadro constant defines the number of particles in a mole (the SI unit for amount of substance). Avogadro's number of electrons equals one mole of electrons.NA = 6.02214076 x 1023 particles/mole

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Elementary charge e is the amount of charge in an electron, and it is connected to electromagnetism (one of the four forces of nature).e = 1.602176634 x 10 coulombs

The speed of light (c) in a vacuum is 299,792,458 meters/second

The luminous efficacy (Kcd) represents the effectiveness of human vision in perceiving light.Kcd = 683 lumens per watt

The Nathional Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) recommends the International System of Units (SI), or metric system, for use in trade and commerce.The SI system has seven base units which are defined in terms of unchanging quantities, or “universal constants”. These constants have precise values and provide accurate measurements.

Mass (kg)

Luminous Intensity (cd)

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Velocity

Velocity measures the rate of change of distance of a body with respect to time. It combines the base unit of length (m) with the base unit of time (s).The SI unit for velocity is m/s. Velocity = distance / time Velocity = m/s

Derived quantities are created by combining the base units using mathematical operations or physical relationships.

Volume

click each derived quantities

Amt of Substance (mol)

Base Units

Time (s)

Acceleration

Acceleration measures the rate of change of velocity. It combines the base unit of length (m) with the base unit of time (s). The SI unit for acceleration is m/s2. Acceleration = velocity / time Acceleration = m/s                              s

Volume measures the amount of space occupied by an object or substance (length x width x height) and is derived from the base unit of length. The SI unit is the cubic meter (m3). Other commonly used units include the liter (L) and the cubic centimeter (cm3). Volume = meters x meters x metersVolume = m3  

Area

Thermo-dynamic Temp (K)

Area measures the extent or size of a two-dimensional surface (length x width) and is derived from the base unit of length. The SI unit is the square meter (m2). Area = meters x metersArea = m2  

Electric Current (A)

Length (m)

Energy

Pressure

Catalytic Activity

Power

Absorbed Dose

Magnetic Flux

Activity

Dose Equivalent

Force

Inductance

Frequency

Resistance 

Magnetic Flux Density

Luminous Flux

Capacitance

Electric Charge

Solid Angle

Celsius Temperature

Conductance

Potential

Plane Angle

Illuminance

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